A computer-implemented method for extracting boundary elements of an object includes receiving measurement data of a point cloud of the object and a maximum edge length of a triangle to form a triangular mesh surface of the point cloud, constructing the triangular mesh surface, and extracting boundary points from the triangular mesh surface. The method further includes grouping the boundary points according to a vector relationship between one boundary point and each of the other boundary points, fitting each group of boundary points to an appropriate boundary characteristic. The appropriate boundary characteristic may be output to a storage system.