A heat-sensitive transfer sheet, having: a base film; a dye layer; and a heat-resistant lubricating layer; wherein the heat-resistant lubricating layer contains a specific compound, and wherein, when a characteristic X-ray intensity originated from K-line of phosphorus element in the heat-resistant lubricating layer is measured with respect to each points within a 200 μm square region, the largest value of the characteristic X-ray intensity is at least 2.5 times or more relative to the smallest value of the characteristic X-ray intensity within the 200 μm square region, and a plurality of maximum regions having a maximum value of the characteristic X-ray intensity exist in the 200 μm square region, and a variation coefficient that is obtained by dividing a standard deviation of the maximum values of the characteristic X-ray intensity among these maximum regions with an average value of the characteristic X-ray intensities is 0.25 or less.