A component mounting apparatus includes two board transfer devices, a component supply unit, a component placing device, a setting unit, and a controller. Until production of the urgent boards is instructed, the two board transfer devices and the component placing device mount components on the regular boards in accordance with a first mounting program stored by the controller. When production of the urgent boards is instructed, a regular board is unloaded from the other board transfer device, which has been set by the setting unit to transfer urgent boards, the transfer way width of the other board transfer device is adjusted to the width of the urgent boards, and the other board transfer device and the component placing device are controlled so that component mountings on the urgent boards are performed on the other board transfer device in accordance with a second mounting program stored by the controller.