Disclosed is a method of analysing a magnetic material which includes the construction of a signature S(H) of the magnetic material formed from at least two points S(H)P, this construction including obtaining the value of each point S(H)P by measuring, over each period fraction, the amplitude and possibly the phase of a harmonic of the magnetic field induced in the magnetic material, said amplitude and phase being obtained in response only to an excitation during this period fraction, the harmonic having a frequency nfH, where n is a non-zero positive integer; and the identification and/or the determination of the mass of the magnetic material from several points of the constructed signature S(H).