The present invention provides a method and system for high dynamic range image measurement which is configured to control the light intensity distribution through an optical modulating switch for adjusting the intensity of the light passing therethrough so as to control the light intensity distribution of the light projecting on an object or of the object light being sensed by a photo detector for preventing the optical sensing signals of the photo detector from over-saturating. After that, the optical sensing signals are compensated according to the optical intensity distribution modulated by the optical modulating switch so as to obtain an image data with high dynamic range.