A device for the assisted locking and unlocking of an adjustable steering column has a fixed cam element secured to a column body, a moving cam element extended by an operating lever, and an articulation system coupled to a central spindle mounted between the elements and passing through the body. The articulation system includes an elastic return member intended to collaborate with two sets of complementary bosses borne respectively by each cam element and delimiting with one another, two end-of-travel stops so that by pivoting the lever, the moving cam element can be made to move between a locked position and an unlocked position via an intermediate position of unstable equilibrium.