The electrolytic action torch (2, 12, 19, 22, 26) for the surface treatment of metals, comprises a nib (4, 11) connected with the unipolar supply of electric current (7) from an external apparatus, the other pole being connected with the metal surface being treated and a device for protecting the operator from the gases and vapors generated, and the protection device consists of a member suitable for providing the area of the nib with a flow of pressurized air (3, 5, 9, 23, 27, 29, 36).Different integrated and non-integrated embodiments of the delivery member of air in the vicinity of the nib are described.