Some embodiments provide a system that analyzes telemetry data from a computer system. During operation, the system obtains the telemetry data as a set of telemetric signals using a set of sensors in the computer system, wherein the set of sensors includes temperature sensors at different locations in a cooling airflow through the computer system. Next, the system calculates a set of pairwise temperature differences from the telemetric signals. The system then infers an altitude of the computer system based on the pairwise temperature differences. Finally, the system uses the inferred altitude to manage the operation of the computer system.