An exposure head includes: at least one light emitting element; an imaging optical system adapted to image light from the light emitting element; at least one reference element disposed to the light emitting element; and a control section adapted to control light emission of the light emitting element, and to put off the reference element in a latent image forming operation, wherein the control section obtains degree of deterioration of the light emitting element based on an intensity of light emitted by the light emitting element at timing other than timing when the latent image formation operation is executed and an intensity of light emitted by the reference element at the timing other than the timing when the latent image formation operation is executed, and controls light intensity of the light emitting element in the latent image forming operation based on the degree of deterioration.