It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool with a rest apparatus having high supporting stiffness of a workpiece by the rest apparatus and having flexibility to machine a plurality of kinds of the workpieces selectively and to provide a machining method of the machine tool with the rest apparatus.The machine tool with the rest apparatus comprising a base 10, a spindle head 20 mounted on the base 10 to hold rotatably one end of a workpiece W, a tail stock 30 mounted on the base 10 to be faced to the spindle head 20 and to hold rotatably the other end of the workpiece W, first rest apparatus 52 mounted between the spindle head 20 and the tail stock 30 and fixed to the base 10 un-movably to support the workpiece W, and second rest apparatus 53 mounted between the spindle head 20 and the tail stock 30 and movably mounted on the base 10 to support said workpiece W.