A color space scalable video coding and decoding method and an apparatus for the same are disclosed that can adjust color components or color depth according to the performance of a decoder side. The color space scalable video coding method includes generating transform coefficients by removing the temporal redundancy and spatial redundancy of input video frames, quantizing the transform coefficients, generating a bit stream by entropy coding the quantized transform coefficients, and generating a color space scalable bit stream that includes the bit stream and position information of luminance data in the bit stream.