This ball (2) rolling bearing (1) comprises an outer ring (7) and an inner ring (8) between which the balls (2) roll around an axis of rolling (X1), spherical separators (3) for the balls (2), and a raceway (14) of revolution about the axis of rolling (X1) and along which the said spherical separators (3) roll. The raceway is a channel section (14) formed in an element (13; 23) secured to or forming part of one of the said rings (7; 8) and having a substantially semi-cyclic cross section of a diameter suited to that of the said spherical separators (3) so as to accommodate the said separators resting in positions in which they are retained laterally and free of contact with the other of the said rings (8; 7). A rolling bearing such as this is particularly well suited to use without lubrication, particularly in the space industry.