The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a conductive substrate, a photoconductive layer on the conductive substrate, and a surface layer made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide on the photoconductive layer. A ratio (C/(Si+C)) in the surface layer is 0.61 to 0.75, both inclusive, an Si+C atom density in the surface layer is 6.60×1022 atoms/cm3 or more, and an arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface layer is 0.029 μm to 0.500 μm, both inclusive.