A method and apparatus for measuring the resistivity anisotropy of cylindrical rock samples is disclosed. The measurement setup includes two pairs of electrodes that contact the sample surface. The ring electrodes of the first pair are disposed on the cylindrical surface of the sample. The cap electrodes of the second pair are mounted at the sample ends. Two differences in potentials are measured. One of the cap electrodes and the nearest ring electrode are used to measure the first difference that results from current injected through the remaining cap and ring electrodes. The second difference is measured between the two ring electrodes, while current is injected through the first and second end cap electrodes. These two differences are inverted for the anisotropy coefficient, horizontal and vertical resistivity.