Provided is a rubber composition that comprises a rubber component of at least one of natural rubber and synthetic rubber and a resin composition containing a novolak-type resorcin resin and a resol-type phenolic resin in which the content of the dimethylene ether group is within a specific range. Not using hexamethylenetetramine or hexamethoxymethylmelamine as a curing agent, the curability and the thermal stability of the resin composition have been enhanced; and the rubber composition has characteristics of high elasticity, large elongation at breakage and low heat generation. Also provided is a tire which comprises the rubber composition in the tire bead part thereof and, therefore, has improved durability in use thereof while concerning for the environmental safety.