A trace information processing apparatus includes: a positional information acquisition unit acquiring positional information pieces respectively indicating positions where elements constituting an electronic document are located in the electronic document; a trace information acquisition unit acquiring trace information pieces respectively indicating traces on which an electronic writing tool has passed in an operation performed plural times in which the electronic writing tool is moved on a medium having the electronic document printed thereon while the electronic writing tool is in contact with the medium; a generation unit generating a trace information group by grouping the trace information pieces; a characteristic information acquisition unit acquiring characteristic information on a position where the trace information group is located in the electronic document; and a determination unit determining one of the elements as one element with which the trace information group is associated, based on the positional information pieces and the characteristic information.