A method for monitoring a picture or multimedia video pictures in a communication system is provided. The method includes following steps: a monitoring node extracts a picture or multimedia video pictures from communication data; a preprocessing system divides the picture or multimedia video pictures into multiple parts, and executes hash calculation respectively to obtain hash value of each part; the preprocessing system processes multiple hash values to construct a single ID; a primary monitoring system searches a template base for the ID, the template base includes multiple items, and each item includes an ID and hash values of which the ID in the item is composed; if the ID is not found, the primary monitoring system searches the template base for each hash value respectively; and the primary monitoring system informs the search result to the preprocessing system and the monitoring node. The present invention improves the efficiency of monitoring a picture or multimedia video pictures in communications.