There is provided a thermal transfer sheet including a thermal transfer dye layer formed on one surface of a base sheet and containing a dye and a heat resistant smooth layer formed on the other surface of the base sheet and containing a binder, a lubricant containing phosphoric acid ester having a melting point of 50° C. or more, and a filler. The phosphoric acid ester is contained in the heat resistant smooth layer at a ratio of 5 mass % or more and 25 mass % or less and contains straight chain phosphoric acid monoalkyl ester at a ratio of 16 mass % or more and 75 mass % or less of a total amount thereof.