A hyperspectral imaging light source system includes a light box (1). The light box (1) is a sealed cuboid. In the chamber of the box body a line-scanning camera (2), a beam splitting system (3), an electric control translation platform carrier (5) and the object to be detected (4) on the electric control translation platform carrier, an electric control translation platform screw (6), a linear light source box (7) and a photosensitive diode (8) are respectively provided. A linear light source controller (9), a step motor (10) and a computer (11) are provided outside the box body. The photosensitive diode (8) senses linear light source intensity variation and inputs a feedback signal to the linear light source controller (9). A halogen lamp (13) is installed in the linear light source box (7), and is connected with the linear light source controller (9).