An apparatus and method for uplink scheduling in a broadband wireless communication system are provided, in which channel conditions are divided into at least two areas, an area corresponding to channel information of a CSM mobile station received from the CSM mobile station is determined, resources of a first pilot pattern are allocated to the CSM mobile station, if the channel information belongs to an area with good channel condition, and resources of a second pilot pattern are allocated to the CSM mobile station, if the cannel information belongs to an area with poor channel condition.