An active hood latch system for a vehicle may include a housing, a locking/releasing bar connected to a cable of a hood latch assembly, a locking/releasing unit configured to release a locked state of the locking/releasing bar using a signal of a pedestrian collision detecting sensor, and a pulling unit configured to rotate the locking/releasing bar by pulling an end of the locking/releasing bar, wherein the hood latch assembly includes a main latch pivotally coupled to the housing, and a flexible member connecting the housing to the main latch, and wherein when the cable may be pulled by operating the locking/releasing unit using the signal of the pedestrian collision detecting sensor, the main latch may be released to pop up a hood and the flexible member connected to the main latch may be selectively extended by the hood to absorb collision energy and reduce damage to a pedestrian.