An object of the present invention is to provide an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition that can form independent line patterns with high resolution and excellent shapes and shows excellent resist performances including roughness characteristics, and to provide an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film and a pattern forming method using the composition.The actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition contains a compound (P) that contains at least one phenolic hydroxyl group and at least one group in which a hydrogen atom of a phenolic hydroxyl group is substituted with a group represented by the following General Formula (1) (the respective symbols in the formula represent the same definitions as in the claims and the specification).