For processing symbols transmitted in frames and separated by guard intervals via a propagation channel between first and second communicating entities using time-division duplexing, the second entity receives at least one pulse transmitted by the first entity. The second entity estimates the impulse response of the propagation channel as a function of the pulse received and time reverses the estimated impulse response in order to filter the symbols as a function of the time-reversed impulse response. The second entity then transmits the modulated symbols and a second pulse to the first entity during a guard interval in a frame in order to process the modulated symbols.