A resource configuration method and device are provided. The method includes: obtaining a capability of a user equipment, and obtaining multiple resource configuration manners according to the capability of the user equipment; obtaining a resource configuration manner in which data bearing capacity meets a service requirement from the multiple resource configuration manners; and when it is required to save power of the user equipment, selecting a resource configuration manner in which the least radio frequency chains are used from the resource configuration manners in which the data bearing capacity meets the service requirement, and in the resource configuration manner in which the least radio frequency chains are used, configuring, for the user equipment, a component carrier and the radio frequency chain used by each component carrier.