A cocoa extract obtainable by the extraction of non-defatted cocoa beans which have not been fermented or have been allowed to ferment for no more than three days, having a polyphenol content of more than 25% by weight, may be used in the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition selected from dysphoria, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, gastric motility disorders, sexual dysfunction, brain trauma, memory loss, appetite disorders, bulimia, substance abuse, alcoholism, tobacco addiction, obsessive-compulsive disease, panic disorder, premenstrual syndrome, and migraine.