Methods, systems, and computer readable media for verifying the identity of a SIP user seeking to establish a session are disclosed. Methods for verifying the identity of a SIP user seeking to establish a session described herein may be performed at a computing platform that includes a SIP user agent. According to one method, an INVITE message for establishing a session is received, where the INVITE message includes sender identification information and dialog identification information. In response to receiving the INVITE message, a subscription request including the dialog identification information is sent to a second computing platform that includes a user agent identified by the sender identification information in the INVITE message. A response to the subscription request is received and, based on the response to the subscription request, it is determined whether the identity of the sender of the INVITE message can be verified.