For subband decomposition of a d-dimensional input signal (S) into a number K of subband components (F1-F4), a filter bank has a filtering module (801) transforming the input signal (S) into 2d components including a low-frequency component (L) and 2d−1 higher-frequency components (F1), The 2d−1 higher-frequency components are oversampled, typically by a factor 2, compared to the low-frequency component. The low-frequency component can be further decomposed by means of another filtering module having a similar structure, and the process can be iterated over any number of scales. The reconstruction filter bank has a symmetric structure, with filtering modules adapted to the oversampling of the higher-frequency components. Such filter banks are well suited to various enhancement processing applied to the subband components such as thresholding, reduction of compression distortion, reduction of measurement noise, sharpness enhancement.