An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit, a calibration unit, a determination unit, and a control unit. The calibration unit is configured to perform a calibration operation including forming a measurement image by the image forming unit to adjust an image forming condition. The determination unit is configured to determine available electric energy allowed to be used by the image forming apparatus. The control unit is configured to determine an interval at which to perform the calibration operation based on the available electric energy determined by the determination unit and control the calibration unit to perform the calibration operation each time the determined interval is reached.