Provided are 3-dimensional standing type metamaterial structures and methods of fabricating the same. The 3-dimensional metamaterial structure includes a substrate; and a resonator, which includes a fixing unit fixed to the substrate; and a plurality of arms, which extend from the fixing unit and are curved upward on the substrate, wherein permittivity, permeability, and refractive index of the metamaterial structure in a predetermined frequency band differ from permittivity, permeability, and refractive index of the substrate. The resonator may be easily fabricated in MEMS/NEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system/nano-electro-mechanical system) processes.