A coaxial concentric double-jaw vice comprises a base frame defining a longitudinal sliding groove, first and second movable jaws mounted on the base frame and movable along the sliding groove, a control rod set inserted through the first and second movable jaws and received in the sliding groove, a fixed screw rod mounted on the control rod set and screw-connected with the first movable jaw, a movable screw rod sleeved onto the control rod set and screw-connected with the second movable jaw and rotatable with the control rod set and movable axially along the control rod set by an external force, a clutch mounted in the control rod set, and a driving mechanism mounted in the control rod set and connectable to the control rod set by the clutch for rotating the control rod set.