A variable compression ratio V-type internal combustion engine joins the cylinder blocks of two cylinder groups together and makes the joined cylinder blocks move relative to a crankcase. The variable compression ratio V-type internal combustion engine includes a first relative movement mechanism and a second relative movement mechanism. The first relative movement mechanism and the second relative movement mechanism can be independently controlled, and a first relative movement distance at one cylinder group side of the cylinder block in the direction of the centerline of the engine which passes through the center of the crank shaft as seen in the front plan view caused by the first relative movement mechanism and a second relative movement distance at the other cylinder group side of the cylinder block in the direction of the centerline of the engine caused by the second relative movement mechanism are able to made different.