An ESD protection device includes an insulating ceramic substrate excluding a glass ceramic substrate, first and second discharge electrodes provided on the insulating ceramic substrate and including respective edges that face each other with a gap therebetween, and a discharge supporting electrode provided on the insulating ceramic substrate so as to electrically connect the first and second discharge electrodes to each other, the discharge supporting electrode including a ceramic material and metal particles whose surfaces are coated with insulating inorganic material powder. A thermosetting resin-cured layer including a cavity is provided on the insulating ceramic substrate so that the portions of the first and second discharge electrodes that face each other with a gap therebetween are present in the cavity.