Methods and compositions, and a kit for diagnosing ovarian disorders including autoimmunity and ovarian cancer. Ovarian autoimmunity is associated with unexplained infertility or idiopathic premature ovarian failure that occurs in the absence of polyglandular disease. Methods and composition described herein are used to detect ovarian autoimmunity before the onset of ovarian dysfunction. Thus, those individuals are identified who would benefit from therapy to maintain, as well as restore, ovarian function.