A rolling bearing has an inner ring; an outer ring; a seal fixing groove provided at either the inner ring or the outer ring; a seal contact groove provided at either the inner ring or the outer ring on a side where the seal fixing groove has not been provided; and a sealing member with two ends. One end of the sealing member is fitted into the seal fixing groove, and the other end of the sealing member is configured not to contact the seal contact groove in a non-preloaded state but to contact the seal contact groove in an axial direction in a preloaded state. Further, a central line average roughness Ra of a contact surface of the seal contact groove to which the sealing member contacts is Ra≦0.6 μm.