A luminescent composition can efficiently provide an inorganic electroluminescent sheet with a high productivity at low costs. The composition has a desired light transmittance (transparency) when no electric voltage is applied to it. The composition includes an inorganic electroluminescent substance and a binder resin. A content of the inorganic electroluminescent substance is at least 0.5 part and less than 100 parts by mass on the basis of 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. The inorganic electroluminescent sheet includes a first transparent substrate; a first transparent electrode; the inorganic electroluminescent layer of the luminescent composition; a first transparent electrode; and a second transparent substrate, successively laminated in this order. The inorganic electroluminescent sheet has a light transmittance of 60% or more, measured at a wavelength of 550 nm under a non-light emitting condition.