A thermoelectric generation apparatus 1 including a high-temperature pipe 10through which a high-temperature fluid passes; a low-temperature pipe 20 disposed horizontally adjacent to the high-temperature pipe 10 and through which a low-temperature fluid having a temperature lower than that of the high-temperature fluid passes; a thermoelectric module 32 interposed between the high-temperature pipe 10 and the low-temperature pipe 20 and generating power using a temperature difference between the high-temperature pipe 10 and the low-temperature pipe 20; a fluid chamber 28 connected to an upper portion and a lower portion of the low-temperature pipe 20, parallel to the low-temperature pipe 20; and a fluid replenisher 110 capable of replenishing the fluid chamber 28 with the low-temperature fluid in a liquid state.