A Space Division Multiple Access transmission method based on a statistical characteristic pattern including configuring multiple receiving and transmitting antennae at a base station side into one or more antenna arrays; comparing a diagonalization performance among the unitary matrixes for a correlation matrix of subscriber channels, with a long-time statistical correlation matrix of the subscriber channels at the base station side; calculating an optimal diagonalized correlation matrix, and then performing characteristic pattern clustering for the subscribers in a cell with the space resource divisions of the subscribers; grouping the subscribers that belong to a same characteristic pattern cluster into space division subscriber groups; carrying out SDMA transmission, by the subscribers in a same space division subscriber group, with their space resource divisions; dynamically performing subscriber characteristic pattern clustering and space division subscriber grouping described above to generate updated characteristic pattern clusters for the subscribers and updated space division subscriber groups.