An optical device comprising a substrate having a planar surface and an optical waveguide located on and parallel to the planar surface and having an end located and oriented to emit or receive light propagating substantially parallel to the planar surface. The device also comprises a crystalline turning mirror bound to the planar surface, the crystalline turning mirror having a bottom surface along the planar surface and having a reflecting surface that is slanted relative to said planar surface. The crystalline turning mirror and the substrate are formed of different materials.