Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a color-controlled sapphire, comprising: vaporizing a metal material, irradiating the vaporized metal material with electron beams or high-frequency waves to form the vaporized metal material into a plasma state, and then implanting the metal ions into a sapphire by extracting the metal ions from the plasma and accelerating the metal ions (step 1); and heat-treating the sapphire implanted with the metal plasma ions in an oxygen atmosphere or in air (step 2). According to the method of manufacturing a sapphire of the present invention, a sapphire, which can exhibit various colors, can be manufactured by implanting the ions, which can cause optical band gap changes into the sapphire, and a sapphire, which cannot be damaged by radiation and can exhibit colors uniformly, can be manufactured by conducting heat treatment under an oxygen atmosphere. Further, according to the present invention, a sapphire, which cannot be damaged by radiation and can be made to exhibit uniform colors, can be manufactured by performing the above processes repeatedly.