A computer-implemented method for detecting malware on mobile platforms may include (1) identifying an application on a mobile computing platform subject to a malware evaluation, (2) transmitting the application to a security server, (3) providing emulation information to the security server, the emulation information relating to emulating the mobile computing platform, (4) receiving a result of the malware evaluation as performed by the security server, the malware evaluation including the security server using the emulation information to execute the application within an emulation of the mobile computing platform, and (5) performing a security action based on the result of the malware evaluation. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.