A terminal is operable to transmit and receive CQI in a broadband wireless communication system. An operating method of the terminal for transmitting a CQI in a broadband wireless communication system includes requesting a band Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) subchannel to a base station; after requesting the band AMC subchannel, transmitting a broadband CQI to the base station over a first control channel; and transmitting a first differential CQI relating to a band AMC allocated using the broadband CQI, over a second control channel. Thus, the overhead in the CQI feedback can be minimized and the CQI reception performance can be enhanced through the most robust encoding.