The present invention relates to the ability of adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells to migrate, and more particularly to the novel use of adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells primed with a specific chemokine or growth factor and their specific secretory products, which more effectively migrate to a disease site in vivo. The inventive composition containing either adipose-derived adult stem cells or adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells primed with a specific chemokine or growth factor can be administered by a simple method such as intravenous administration and are able to induce the targeting of the stem cells to a disease site. Thus, the composition is useful as a cell therapeutic agent.