A process for the production of a resilient foam by foaming a mixture, comprising from 50 to 97% by weight of an aqueous dispersion A) of SiO2 particles which have a mean particle diameter in the range from 1 to 100 nm, from 1 to 45% by weight of a polymer B) dissolved in water from 1 to 50% by weight of a blowing agent C) from 1 to 5% by weight of an emulsifier D) from 0 to 5% by weight of a crosslinking agent E) reactive with the polymer B), and the foam obtainable by the process and the use thereof.