Methods having corresponding computer-readable media comprise: generating a authorization token, wherein the authorization token represents i) one or more actions for a target computer, wherein the one or more actions require an authorization, ii) one or more preconditions, wherein the preconditions must be true for the target computer to execute the one or more actions, and iii) the authorization; and providing the authorization token to a person, wherein the person does not have the authorization, and wherein the person provides the authorization token to the target computer.