A method for evaluating the structural compatibility of an aircraft for use on a runway having a profile with one or more roughnesses in the form of bumps and/or dips using a computer-based system, and including the steps of: generating a first bump height curve representing elevations or depressions on the runway; comparing the bump height curve with a second bump height curve which is a first reference curve; generating a first power spectral density curve of the profile of the runway; comparing the first power spectral density curve with a second power spectral density curve which is a second reference curve; and authorizing or denying the aircraft the use of the runway on the basis of results of the comparison.