A control apparatus for a motor-assisted bicycle detects a pedaling torque applied to a crankshaft with a pedaling force sensor, controls a motor unit of the motor-assisted bicycle in a regenerative control process to charge a battery, if the torque value of the detected pedaling torque is equal to or smaller than a predetermined level, and controls the motor unit in an assistive control process, if the torque value is greater than the predetermined level. The control apparatus performs an assistive transient control process with an assistive ratio lower than in the assistive control process while the crankshaft makes a predetermined number of revolutions and thereafter performs the regenerative control process, if the torque value detected by the pedaling force sensor has a peak equal to or smaller than the predetermined level.