The present invention discloses various methods and apparatuses for allocating identifiers and resources associated with a contention-based uplink channel and using the identifiers and resources. An uplink (UL) signal transmission method using a contention-based identifier (CB identifier) according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a step in which user equipment receives, from a base station, a first message containing a CD identifier (CB-RNTI); a step in which the user equipment receives, from the base station, a second message containing information on the allocation of the contention-based uplink (CB UL) channel associated with the CB identifier; and a step in which the user equipment transmits an UL signal to the base station via the CB UL channel.