A zoom lens substantially consists of, in order from the object side, a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group, a positive third lens group, a positive fourth lens group, and a negative fifth lens group. When varying magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group is always increased, a distance between the second lens group and the third lens group is always decreased, a distance between the third lens group and the fourth lens group is always decreased, and a distance between the fourth lens group and the fifth lens group is changed, while all of the lens groups are moved with respect to an image formation position. Formulas (Ca): −5.00≦1−(β5T)2