An emergency rescue system and a handheld electronic device and an emergency rescue method are provided. The emergency rescue system comprises a help-seeking device, a rescue device and a server. The help-seeking device is used to position, and used to provide a help-seeker to input situation information to send a help-seeking message to the server. The rescue device is used to position and send a positioning message to the server. The sever is used to compare the help-seeking message and the positioning message to execute a supply-demand pairing, and used to send the help-seeking message and the positioning message to the help-seeking device and the rescue device respectively for making the help-seeking device can communicate with the rescue device.