The invention relates to a method for producing haploid H, doubled haploid HD and/or dihaploid DH plants, the HD and DH being homozygous or essentially homozygous, this method being a method such as those which come under the technique of gynogenesis induced by irradiated pollen. This method comprises a step of irradiating the reproductive material of the male parent at a dose of between 160 and 190 gamma ray and/or a step of selecting the haploid H and/or DH plants by using one or more molecular marker(s). The invention also relates to a method for producing homozygous haploid, doubled haploid and/or dihaploid plants, comprising a step of determining the appropriate irradiation dose(s) for increasing the yields of said plants according to multiple given factors such as the plant species, the genotypes of the male parent and of the female parent, the climatic and weather conditions, the time at which the fruits are harvested, the level of growth of the embryos collected with a view to the culturing thereof, the level of development of the embryos placed in culture. Moreover, the invention concerns the molecular marker(s) used in the selection step and also the haploid embryos and the dihaploid embryos obtained by means of the method of the invention, and the progeny and the seeds of the plants obtained by means of the method of the invention.